Intercultural Communication as Revealed in Language Learning Histories
Abstract
The number of Chinese students learning English around the world is increasing more and more. In order to fully understand the struggles that the students have in adjusting to the new language and culture, we need to listen to the voices of the students themselves. Language Learning Histories provide researchers with insight into the issues associated with intercultural communication, the process of language learning, and the language attitudes held by the learners. Primary themes uncovered in an analysis of 48 Chinese college students, both in a US college EAP program and in a Macau General Education college English program, reveal that motivation, cutlure, anxiety, self-esteem, and gender tend to be the most important factors affecting students’ ablity to acquire the English language. Results found that language was an artifact through which students’ social and cultural impressions emerged.
Full text article
References
Bhawuk, D.P.S. & Brislin, R. (1992). The measurement of intercultural sensitivity using the concepts of individualism and collectivism. International Journal of Intercultural Relations, 16, 413-436.
Block, D. (2007). The rise of identity in SLA research, post Firth and Wagner (1997). The Modern Language Journal, 91, 863–876.
Coffey, S. &Street, B. (2008). Narrative and identity in the ”Language Learning Project”. The Modern Language Journal, 92(3), 452-464.
Cummings, M. (2005). The untold story: Writing our language learning histories. The Language Teacher, 29, 17-19.
Ellis, C., Adams, T. E., & Bochner, A. P. (2011). Autoethnography: An overview. Historical Social Research, 36(4), 273–290.
Flowerdew, J. &Miller, L. (2008). Social structure and individual agency in second language learning: Evidence from three life histories. Critical Inquiry in Language Studies, 5(4), 201-224.
Gabrys-Barker, D. &Otwinowska, A. (2012). Multilingual learning stories: Threshold, stability and change. International Journal of Multilingualism, 9(4), 367-384
Gao, X. (2005). A tale of two mainland Chinese English learners. Asian EFL Journal, 7 (2). Retrieved August 11, 2012 from http://asian-efl-journal.com/quarterly-journal/2005/06/29/a-tale-of-two-mainland-chinese-english-learners/
Haines, K. (2012). ‘‘Stories from No-Man’s Land?’’ Situated language learning through the use of role models in the context of international Higher Education. Apples – Journal of Applied Language Studies, 6(1), 1–22. Retrieved from http://apples.jyu.fi/issue/view/8
Hye, Y.J. & McCroskey, J. (2004). Communication apprehension in a first language and self-perceived competence as predictors of communication apprehension in a second language: A study of speakers of English as a second language. Communication Quarterly, 52(2), 170-181.
Kalaja, P., Menezes, V. & Barbelos, A. (2008). Narratives of Learning and Teaching EFL. New York: Palgrave Macmillan.
Kearney E. (2010). Culture immersion in the Foreign Language Classroom: Some narrative possiblitites. The Modern Language Journal, 94(2), 332-336.
Lam A. (2002). Language policy and learning experience in China: Six case histories. Hong Kong Journal of Applied Linguistics, 7(2), 57-72.
Larsen-Freeman, D. (2000). Second language acquisition and applied linguistics. Annual Review of Applied Linguistics, 20, 165-81.
McNamara, T. (2005). 21st century Shibboleth: Language tests, identity and intergroup conflict. Language Policy, 4(4), 1–20.
McNamara, T. (2010). Reading Derrida: Language, identity and violence. Applied Linguistics Review, 1(1), 23–44.
McNamara, T. (2012). Language assessments as shibboleths: A poststructuralist perspective. Applied Linguistics, 33(5), 564–581. doi:10.1093/applin/ams052
McNamara T. (2013). Crossing boundaries: Journies into language. Language and Intercultural Communication, 13(3), 343-356.
Miller, J. (1996). A tongue, for sighing. In Maybin, J. and N. Mercer (eds), Using English from Conversation to Canon. London: Routledge, pp. 275-310.
Moore, K. (2007). Intercultural Communication and foreign language anxiety. Electronic Thesis, Treatises and Dissertations. Paper 2316. Retrieved August 10, 2012 from http://diginole.lib.fsu.edu/etd/2316.
National Communication Association (NCA) (2007). Assessing motivation to communicate: Willingness to communicate and personal report of communication apprehension. 2:nd edition. Morreale, S. (Ed.). Washington DC: National Communication Association.
Nunan, D. (2000). Seven hypotheses about language teaching and learning. TESOL Matters, 10(2), 1-4.
Parry, M. (2003). Transcultured selves under scrutiny: W(h)ither languages? Language and Intercultural Communication, 3(2), 101–107.
Pavlenko, A. (2001). Language learning memoirs as a gendered genre. Applied Linguistics, 22(2), 213-240.
Sakui, K., Gaies, S.J. (1999). Investigating Japanese Learners’ belief about language learning. System, 27(4), 213-240.
Winke, PM. (2007). The psychology of the language learner: Individual differences in second language acquisition. Article in: Studies in Second Language Acquisition. Cambridge University Press.
Young, D. (1991). Creating a low-anxiety classroom environment: What does language anxiety research suggest? The Modern Language Journal, 75, 426-439.
Authors
Copyright (c) 2015 Evelyn Doman

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
This journal provides immediate and free open access to all its content and is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC BY 4.0). This means readers are permitted to read, download, copy, distribute, print, search, or link to the full texts of articles, or use them for any other lawful purpose, without asking prior permission from the publisher or the author, as long as proper attribution is given. This policy is consistent with the Budapest Open Access Initiative (BOAI) definition of open access.